러시아ㆍ유라시아

This article examines the national identity in North Kavkaz (Caucasus) focused on relations between traditional Adat laws and Sharia law's system. Chapter II examines the definition and the role of the Adat and Sharia in the North Caucasian society. Chapter III review historical conflicts between Adat and Sharia. Chapter IV analyzes the settlement and transformation of the Sharia's rule. Chapter V retrospects national identity and the symbol in the North Caucasian area instead of conclusion. The cultural meaning of national identity practises changed much under the colonial rule. Changes in social relationships between Adat and the Sharia which concerned the National identity of the Muslim peoples were reflected in the definition of Adat, Sharia, and the function against the Imperial Russia. This article mainly analyses custom, law, sharia among in the North Caucasian Muslims after they accepted Islam from 8th Century, particularly 19th century. Special attention is paid to the meanings Adat's role and functions and the conflicts between Sharia and the Adat. According to the research, we can find the national identity in the North Caucasus area from the historical debate on adat and sharia. In the 19th Century, the third Imam, Shamil adapted Sharia to the Nizam because North Caucasian peoples could not resist effectively against Russia with the adat laws. But, He did not abolish the Adat laws utterly, instead of that, he constructed the New adat, Nizam.