연구정보
[개발] Solar Roofing, India 500-Gigawatt Renewable Energy Push through RESCO-Based Distributed Generation
인도 국외연구자료 연구보고서 - Asian Development Bank 발간일 : 2024-02-01 등록일 : 2024-03-11 원문링크
In 2015, India set itself the target of generating 100 gigawatts (GW) of energy from solar power by 2022, of which 60 GW was to be met by ground-mounted systems and 40 GW by rooftop installations. By November 2017, India had made significant progress in the installation of ground-mounted solar systems (16 GW), but only achieved 0.9 GW through solar rooftops. During this time, Manu Srivastava, the then principal secretary of Madhya Pradesh’s New and Renewable Energy Department, decided to introduce the Renewable Energy Services Company (RESCO) model for solar rooftops in Madhya Pradesh, especially for government institutions. RESCO is a zero-investment model for these institutions, where the independent solar power developer bears all the costs of installation and maintenance of the project in return for the use of the institute’s rooftop space, and the institutions only pay for the electricity produced from the solar rooftop installations whose tariff is considerably cheaper than their current electricity charges. It, therefore, has the potential to overcome the major challenge that has prevented the scaling of solar rooftop systems: the initial capital investment to get the project up and running and the subsequent expenditure to operate and maintain it.
However, the past failure in implementing the RESCO model in the government sector by the federal solar energy promotion agency, the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), challenged the team to design a project that would learn from the shortcomings of the SECI project such as (1) the difficulties faced by the solar power developers due to lack of accurate details of the roof areas usable for solar power generation in the institutions; and (2) the challenges in marketing the RESCO-based solar rooftop models to government institutions due to lack of awareness and permissions. In response, Srivastava and his team took many innovative steps to generate interest from solar developers and achieve a competitive tariff for government institutions. These included providing technical information about the institute's rooftop premises as part of the contract request, creating an upfront market by obtaining the necessary approvals, and grouping institutes of similar size and ownership for better economic viability. As a result, more than 100 solar rooftops were made functional between 2018 and 2020, and tariffs for solar rooftops reached their lowest level ever at $0.017/unit. The RESCO tender attracted 31 international and domestic bidders. The model was recognized by the Capacity Building Commission of India as one of the top 15 innovations in public administration in India and was used by the Government of India to develop a national strategy for solar rooftop installations.
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